Maintaining the Genome

Maintaining genome integrity.

Introduction Genomes have always been vulnerable to damage from intraand extracellular sources such as oxidative species generated by cell metabolism, spontaneous base loss or modification, radiation and chemicals (Friedberg et al, 2005a). As a result, mechanisms to cope with DNA damage developed early in evolution and have been conserved. Organisms need some genome stability, but must allow mu...

SAMHD1 prevents autoimmunity by maintaining genome stability

OBJECTIVES The HIV restriction factor, SAMHD1 (SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1), is a triphosphohydrolase that degrades deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs). Mutations in SAMHD1 cause Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), an inflammatory disorder that shares phenotypic similarity with systemic lupus erythematosus, including activation of antiviral type 1 interferon (IFN). To furt...

Maintaining Genome Stability: The Role of Helicases and Deaminases

Maintaining Genome Stability in Defiance of Mitotic DNA Damage

The implementation of decisions affecting cell viability and proliferation is based on prompt detection of the issue to be addressed, formulation and transmission of a correct set of instructions and fidelity in the execution of orders. While the first and the last are purely mechanical processes relying on the faithful functioning of single proteins or macromolecular complexes (sensors and eff...

Predicting CpG Islands and DNA Methlation in the Cow Genome Using DNA Microarray Meta-Analysis and Genome Wide Scanning

DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic changes that directly affects DNA. In mammals, DNA methylation is essential for fetal development and stem cell differentiation and this phenomenon essentially occurs within the CpG islands. In this study, two methods were used to study the DNA methylation profile of cow genome. In the first method, the DNA methylation profile of the differentially expres...